本书各章节均以实际操作为出发点，既标准规范又简明扼要，力求成为学习者的口袋书。全书系统地介绍了各型软性输尿管镜及软性输尿管镜技术在临床应用，同时也介绍了软性输尿管镜技术的模拟训练系统的建立及多项模拟训练的方法。另外，对各种手术所需的耗材也有介绍。可供各级泌尿外科医生学习参考，既可作为软性输尿管镜技术的参考书，又可作为学习训练软性输尿管镜技术的培训教程。我们相信，该书的面世将对国内外泌尿外科的软性输尿管镜技术的普及推广一定有帮助

泌尿系结石患者的福音书，泌尿外科医师的技术培训手册

四川大学华西临床医学院/华西医院 副院长，主任医师，博士生导师，中华医学会泌尿外科学分会全国委员、中国医师协会泌尿外科专业委员会全国青年委员会副主任委员、国际腔道泌尿外科协会委员、中华医学会西南泌尿系结石防治中心副主任、中国泌尿男科医学技术与装备创新联盟副秘书长、中国医师协会整合医学医师分会整合泌尿外科专业委员会副主任委员、四川省泌尿外科专业委员会候任主任委员，四川省医师协会泌尿外科学专业委员会

PREFACE Ⅰ /3
PREFACE Ⅱ /4
CONTRIBUTORS /5
Chapter 1
Various Flexible Ureteroscopes /1
1.1 Flexible Fiber-optic Ureterorenoscope / 2
1.2 Digital Flexible Ureterorenoscope / 3
1.3 Modular Flexible Ureteroscope / 7
1.4 Suns Tip-flexible Semirigid Ureterorenoscope / 15
References / 16
Chapter 2
Instrument and Equipment for Flexible Ureteroscopy / 18
2.1 Guidewire / 18
2.2 Instruments for Ureteral Dilation / 21
2.3 Ureteral Access Sheath / 22
2.4 Light Source and Television System / 25
2.5 Perfusion Equipment / 27
2.6 Positioning Equipment / 30
2.7 Lithotripsy Device / 32
2.8 Equipment of Calculus Removal and Biopsy / 38
2.9 Ureteral Stent / 44
References / 46
Chapter 3
Pre-operative Evaluation of Flexible Ureteroscopy / 51
3.1 Required Investigations before Flexible Ureteroscopy / 51
3.2 The Role of Pre-stenting for Flexible Ureteroscopy / 56
References / 58
Chapter 4
Pre-operative Evaluation and Preparation of Flexible Ureterorenoscope
and Holmium Laser Lithotripsy / 60
4.1 Selection of Suitable Patients Flexible Ureteroscopy Indications / 60
4.2 How to Assess and Prevent the Operative Risk? / 62
References / 66
Chapter 5
Techniques of Flexible Ureteroscopy: Step-by-Step / 67
5.1 Patient Positioning / 67
5.2 First-look Cystoscopy and Ureteroscopy / 68
5.3 The Safety Guidewire and Working Guidewire / 69
5.4 Flexible Ureteroscopy with or without UAS / 70
5.5 Flexible Ureteroscope Insertion / 72
5.6 Ureteroscopic Inspection of the Collection System / 74
5.7 Lithotripsy and Fragment Extraction / 74
5.8 Exit Strategy / 75
5.9 Flexible Ureteroscopic Lithotripsy for Special Cases / 76
5.10 Factors Affecting the Success of Ureteroscopy in Management
of Urolithiasis / 86
References / 87
Chapter 6
Retrograde Intrarenal Surgery in Children / 91
6.1 Evaluation of Upper Urinary Tract / 91
6.2 Optimal Option of Anesthesia / 92
6.3 No Consensus on Whether Ureteral Access Sheath is Necessary
for Pediatric RIRS / 92
6.4 How to Choose an Optimal Length of UAS? / 93
6.5 How to Place UAS? / 93
6.6 How to Choose Flexible Ureteroscope? / 93
6.7 Is It Necessary to Place a double-J Stent at the End of RIRS? / 94
6.8 What is Next When We Place the UAS or Flexible Ureteroscope
to the Ureter? / 94
6.9 Case Report / 94
References / 96
Chapter 7
Complications of the Flexible Ureteroscope / 98
7.1 Intraoperative Complication / 98
7.2 Post-operation Complications / 103
7.3 Reconstruction Technique for Long Ureteral Defects / 105
7.4 Warning, Diagnosis and Management of Urosepsis after Flexible
Ureteroscopy / 114
References / 121
Chapter 8
The Investigation and Management after Flexible Ureteroscopy / 126
8.1 Investigation of the Stone Free Rate after Retrograde
Intrarenal Surgery / 126
8.2 Prevention and Investigation of Ureteral Stricture after RIRS / 129
8.3 Management of Residual Fragments after Retrograde IntrarenalSurgery / 131
8.4 Indwelling Time of double-J Stent after Flexible Ureteroscopy / 132
References / 133
Chapter 9
The Training of Flexible Ureteroscope / 137
9.1 Flexible Ureteroscopy Training / 137
9.2 The Instruments, Equipment and Consumables for Training / 138
9.3 Methods of FURS Training / 139
9.4 The Role of Simulator Training in Acute Infundibulopelvic Angle
Cases for Flexible Ureteroscopy / 148
9.5 The Assessment of FURS Training / 152
References / 154
Chapter 10
Management of Flexible Ureteroscopes in Operating Room / 156
10.1 Pre-job Training for OR Nurses / 156
10.2 Inspection of Flexible Ureteroscope / 160
10.3 Leakage Testing / 166
10.4 The Cleaning Procedures / 169
10.5 Caution for Sterilization / 173
Index / 175